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Ohio Standards

Ohio 8th Grade Math Standards

All 28 Ohio math standards for 8th grade, each explained in plain English. The official wording is in Ohio Department of Education and Workforce's document, linked at the end of this page.

28 standards

The Number System

2 standards
8.NS.1
Know that every real number is rational or irrational, and that its decimal form either ends, repeats, or goes on forever without repeating.
8.NS.2
Pin down an irrational number with decimals, like the square root of 2 is between 1.4 and 1.5, to compare such numbers and place them on a number line.
Common Core 8.NS.2

Expressions and Equations

8 standards
8.EE.1
Explain and apply the rules for whole-number and negative exponents to write equal expressions, like 2³ × 2⁻⁵ = 2⁻² = 1/4.
8.EE.2
Solve equations like x² = 25 or x³ = 8 with square and cube roots, find the roots of small perfect squares and cubes, and know that the square root of 2 is irrational.
Common Core 8.EE.2
8.EE.3
Estimate very large or very small amounts as one digit times a power of 10, like 4 × 10⁶, and use these to tell how many times bigger one is than another.
8.EE.4
Compute with numbers in scientific notation, mixed with regular decimals too, choose sensible units for huge or tiny amounts, and read scientific notation shown by calculators.
8.EE.5
Graph a proportional relationship, read its unit rate as the slope, and compare two such relationships shown in different ways, like a graph against an equation.
Common Core 8.EE.5
8.EE.6
Explain with similar triangles why a line's slope is the same between any two of its points, and derive the equations y = mx and y = mx + b.
Common Core 8.EE.6
8.EE.7
Solve one-variable linear equations with fractions, parentheses and like terms, and tell whether an equation has one solution, none or infinitely many.
Common Core 8.EE.7
8.EE.8
Solve pairs of linear equations by graphing, seeing the answer is where the lines cross, and spot one, none, or infinitely many solutions, including in real-world problems.

Functions

5 standards
8.F.1
Understand that a function gives exactly one output for each input, and that its graph is the set of input and output pairs, without needing function notation.
8.F.2
Compare two functions given in different ways, like one as a table and one as an equation, to see which has the greater rate of change.
Common Core 8.F.2
8.F.3
Recognize y = mx + b as a linear function whose graph is a straight line, and give examples of nonlinear ones, like the area of a square A = s².
Common Core 8.F.3
8.F.4
Write a linear function for a real situation, find its rate of change and starting value from a description, table, graph or two points, and explain what they mean.
Common Core 8.F.4
8.F.5
Describe what a graph shows about two quantities, like where it rises, falls or curves, and sketch a graph from a verbal description.
Common Core 8.F.5

Geometry

9 standards
8.G.1
Show by experiment that rotations, reflections, and translations keep lines straight, lengths and angles the same, and parallel lines parallel, with and without coordinates.
8.G.2
Understand that two flat figures are congruent if a series of turns, flips, and slides maps one onto the other, and describe such a series, with and without coordinates.
8.G.3
Describe what happens to a figure's coordinates when it is slid, turned, flipped or scaled up or down.
Common Core 8.G.3
8.G.4
Understand that two flat figures are similar if turns, flips, slides, and dilations map one onto the other, and describe the steps that show it, with and without coordinates.
8.G.5
Argue informally why a triangle's angles add to 180 degrees, which angles match when a line crosses parallel lines, and why two equal angles make triangles similar.
Common Core 8.G.5
8.G.6
Study and justify an informal proof that a² + b² = c² in right triangles, and of its converse, that a triangle fitting that rule is a right triangle.
8.G.7
Use the Pythagorean theorem to find a missing side of a right triangle in real problems, flat or in three dimensions, like the diagonal of a box.
Common Core 8.G.7
8.G.8
Find the distance between two points on a coordinate grid by treating it as the long side of a right triangle.
Common Core 8.G.8
8.G.9
Use volume formulas for cones, cylinders, and spheres to solve real-world and math problems, like how much a cone-shaped cup holds.

Statistics and Probability

4 standards
8.SP.1
Make and read scatter plots of paired measurements, describing clusters, outliers, positive, negative, or no association, and whether the pattern is linear or not.
8.SP.2
Know that straight lines often model two related quantities, fit one by eye to a linear-looking scatter plot, and judge the fit by how close the points are.
8.SP.3
Use a line's equation to solve problems about paired data, explaining what the slope and intercept mean, like a slope of 2 cm of plant growth per week.
8.SP.4
Organize yes-or-no data about two things, like curfews and chores, in a two-way table and use row or column percentages to see whether the two are linked.
Common Core 8.SP.4

The official Ohio documents

The plain-English lines on this page are EMStudio's own explanations of Ohio's standards, not the official wording, which Ohio Department of Education and Workforce publishes in the documents above. Codes and strand names identify each standard.