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Georgia Standards

Georgia 8th Grade Math Standards

All 44 Georgia math standards for 8th grade, each explained in plain English. The official wording is in Georgia Department of Education's document, linked at the end of this page.

44 standards

Mathematical Practices

8 standards
8.MP.1
Make sense of a problem and keep going when it gets hard, like trying a table, then a graph, then an equation to find when two phone plans cost the same.
8.MP.2
Move between a situation and its algebra, like writing a $25 fee plus $10 a month as y = 10x + 25 and explaining what the 10 and the 25 mean.
8.MP.3
Justify solutions with clear logic and evaluate others' arguments, like explaining why an equation has no solution or spotting an error in a Pythagorean Theorem step.
8.MP.4
Model real situations with functions, systems and scatter plots, like a line of best fit to predict sales or a system to compare two gym memberships.
8.MP.5
Use the right tools, like graphing technology for systems, a calculator for scientific notation, or graph paper to fit a trend line.
8.MP.6
Communicate with precision, like applying exponent rules correctly, labeling slope with units such as dollars per month, and rounding square roots sensibly.
8.MP.7
Look for structure, like recognizing that 2x + 4y = 8 and y = -0.5x + 2 describe the same line, or seeing 5, 12 and 13 as a right-triangle pattern.
8.MP.8
Spot repeated calculations and generalize them, like noticing that multiplying powers of 10 always adds the exponents, which leads to a rule.

Numerical Reasoning

6 standards
8.NR.1.1
Tell rational from irrational numbers by their decimals, which end or repeat only for rationals, and turn a repeating decimal into a fraction, like 0.45 repeating = 5/11.
8.NR.1.2
Estimate irrational numbers with nearby rational values to compare them, place them on a number line and estimate expressions, like √2 + 3 is about 4.41.
8.NR.2.1
Use exponent rules for integer powers to write equivalent number expressions, like 3² × 3⁻⁵ = 3⁻³ = 1/27.
8.NR.2.2
Solve x² = p and x³ = p with root symbols, knowing squares give two answers and cubes one, and find roots of perfect squares up to 625 and cubes from -1,000 to 1,000.
8.NR.2.3
Estimate huge or tiny amounts in scientific notation and tell how many times bigger one is, like a city of 4 × 10⁶ people is 200 times a town of 2 × 10⁴.
8.NR.2.4
Do all four operations with numbers in scientific notation, even mixed with standard decimals, and read technology output, like a calculator's 3.2E7 meaning 3.2 × 10⁷.

Patterning & Algebraic Reasoning

8 standards
8.PAR.3.1
Interpret formulas and expressions with several terms or factors by explaining what each part means in context, like the 25 in 25 + 0.15m being a flat fee.
8.PAR.3.2
Solve linear equations by simplifying step by step to show whether there is one solution, infinitely many or none, ending at x = 4, a true 5 = 5, or a false 3 = 7.
8.PAR.3.3
Set up one-variable linear equations and inequalities for real situations and solve them, like 5x + 20 = 3x + 36 to find when two bike rentals cost the same.
8.PAR.3.4
Justify each step in solving a one-solution equation or inequality with properties of algebra and real numbers, like naming the distributive property.
8.PAR.3.5
Solve linear equations and inequalities that use letters as coefficients, and explain what the solution means in context, like solving d = rt for t to get t = d ÷ r.
8.PAR.3.6
Rearrange linear and literal equations fluently to solve real problems, like rewriting 4x + 2y = 10 as y = -2x + 5, or the perimeter formula P = 2l + 2w for w.
8.PAR.4.1
Start from y = mx for a proportional line through the origin and build y = mx + b for a line crossing the y-axis at b, like shifting y = 2x up 3 to get y = 2x + 3.
8.PAR.4.2
Explain and show that a two-variable equation's graph is exactly the set of all its solution pairs, like every point on y = 3x + 2 making the equation true.

Functional & Graphical Reasoning

18 standards
8.FGR.5.1
Explain and show that a function matches every input to just one output, like each number of hours worked giving one paycheck total.
8.FGR.5.2
Identify and describe linear and nonlinear functions in real situations, and sketch a graph from a word description, like a car speeding up, cruising, then stopping.
8.FGR.5.3
Relate a linear function's domain to its graph and, when it applies, to the situation, like only whole numbers of tickets making sense in a ticket-cost function.
8.FGR.5.4
Compare the rate of change and starting value of two functions modeling a real situation in different ways, like a table for one taxi company and an equation for another.
8.FGR.5.5
Write linear functions in slope-intercept, standard and point-slope form and explain what each reveals, like y = 2x + 5 showing the slope and starting value at a glance.
8.FGR.5.6
Rewrite a linear function in an equivalent form and explain the feature it shows, like turning 3x + 2y = 12 into y = -1.5x + 6 to read the slope and y-intercept.
8.FGR.5.7
Build a linear function by finding its rate of change and starting value from a description, two points, a table or a graph, like a plant 3 cm tall growing 2 cm a week.
8.FGR.5.8
Explain what the rate of change and starting value of a linear function mean in its situation, on its graph and in its table, like $15 a month and a $40 sign-up fee.
8.FGR.5.9
Graph and analyze linear functions written in different forms, showing key features like slope and intercepts to describe a situation, such as a pool draining steadily.
8.FGR.6.1
Show that lines are a common model for two-variable data, then on a scatter plot draw a best-fit line by eye and judge the fit by how near the points fall.
8.FGR.6.2
Solve problems with paired measurement data from a linear model's equation, interpreting slope and intercept, like y = 5x + 50 for a score after x hours of study.
8.FGR.6.3
Explain what a trend line's predicted slope and intercept mean for the data, like a slope of 1.2 cm per day and a starting height of 4 cm for a growing plant.
8.FGR.6.4
Read graphs with best-fit lines to make informal inferences that answer the question of an unbiased statistical study, like whether more screen time goes with less sleep.
8.FGR.7.1
Turn real problems into a pair of linear equations in two unknowns, then solve and interpret them, like finding adult and child ticket prices from two receipts.
8.FGR.7.2
Show and explain that where two lines cross is the solution to their pair of equations, because that point works in both, like two plans costing the same in month 4.
8.FGR.7.3
Estimate where two lines meet by graphing their equations, and solve easy systems by inspection, like seeing x + y = 5 and x + y = 8 can never both be true.
8.FGR.7.4
Analyze and solve pairs of linear equations exactly with substitution or elimination, like x + y = 10 and x - y = 2 giving x = 6 and y = 4.
8.FGR.7.5
Write equations for pairs of lines that are parallel, perpendicular or neither and compare their slopes, like y = 2x + 1 and y = -0.5x + 4 being perpendicular.

Geometric & Spatial Reasoning

4 standards
8.GSR.8.1
Use pictures, like squares drawn on each side of a right triangle, to explain why a² + b² = c² holds and why a triangle that fits it must have a right angle.
8.GSR.8.2
Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find a missing side of a right triangle in flat and 3D problems, like a ladder's reach or the longest pencil that fits in a box.
8.GSR.8.3
Find how far apart two points on a coordinate grid are by drawing a right triangle and using a² + b² = c², like the straight-line distance between two spots on a map.
8.GSR.8.4
Use the volume formulas for cones, cylinders and spheres to solve real problems, like how much ice cream fits in a cone or how much water a round tank holds.

The official Georgia documents

The plain-English lines on this page are EMStudio's own explanations of Georgia's standards, not the official wording, which Georgia Department of Education publishes in the documents above. Codes and strand names identify each standard.